Genetic selection and animal welfare

Examining the potential impacts of selective breeding on livestock well-being

Overview

The use of selective breeding practices in animal agriculture has raised concerns about potential impacts on the welfare of farm animals. The European Directive on farm animal welfare (Directive 9858EC) emphasizes the importance of animal well-being, and the National Animal Welfare Advisory Committee (NAWAC) has recently examined the use of selective breeding in livestock production.

Genetics and Welfare

Selective breeding can affect animal welfare in two primary ways: by altering physical and behavioral traits that impact their well-being, and by increasing the prevalence of genetic disorders or health issues. For instance, breeding for increased milk production in dairy cows may unintentionally lead to increased susceptibility to lameness or mastitis.

Research and Implications

Researchers have explored the relationship between genetic selection and animal welfare in various livestock species. Studies on dairy cattle and sheep have demonstrated that selective breeding can influence traits related to lameness, disease resistance, and reproductive performance.

Balancing Productivity and Welfare

It is crucial to strike a balance between livestock productivity and animal welfare. While selective breeding can enhance desirable traits for agricultural purposes, it is equally important to consider the potential implications for animal well-being. By carefully managing breeding programs and employing genetic technologies responsibly, producers can mitigate negative welfare impacts while maintaining production efficiency.